Heat Load Calculation
Heat and Thermal Load
calculation
Heat load calculation is considered as a basic calculation in HVAC & R. Consider that cooling a place is the most energy expenditure for buildings, especially during summer. So you have to calculate how much tonnage is required for your location first, you have to know what is the heat load and how much heat you want to remove from your location - this is the basic purpose of heat load calculation.
A building has a lot of heat source inside and outside. Like how many people are there, heat generated by machinery (equipment) and sources of light, hot air coming from outside while opening the door, sun rays falling on the roof and walls etc.
The
set of all heat sources is known as the building's heat load (or thermal load),
and is commonly measured in kilowatts (kWatt), British thermal units (BTUs),
kilocalories (KCl).
To
cool a place, the tonnage of the air conditioner must be greater than the heat
load. This is important before purchasing an air conditioner, as heat load calculations
are done to ensure that it is adequate for the intended application.
There are many ways to calculate the heat load of a place, I will show you some of them: -
If you want a quick calculation, you can consider this table:
Note: I took this table from a lecture PDF of IIT Kharagpur for reference
You can also try these charts if you are calculating for your home.
First chart:
This chart used in whirlpool corporate for heat load calculation
Second chart:
this chart used by Godrej Appliances for heat load calculation
Note 1: Add 10% allowance for those cities where air temp is up to 35 deg. centigrade, and 40% for where air temp is above 35 deg. centigrade.
Note 2: According
to this chart, heat comes more from the south direction but if you are living
in a coastal area, like Visakhapatnam or Chennai, in these cities heat are coming
from the east direction more than the south, so replace south by east.
If this is not enough and you want a perfect and energy-saving Air Conditioner system than you can also calculate by using Tombling method
But, if you are using any of these, then also keep all these things in mind to get the right result, such as what the living person is doing because whatever work a person does, according to Heat comes out of his body, like:-
And the direction of geographic heat flow in your area, the type of shading and curtains on your windows, what type of roof or floors are there, the sunlight falling on the walls and ceiling, the frequency of door openings, the number and type of equipment (machinery) because They generate excessive heat such as toasters, refrigerators, microwaves and stoves, and types of ventilation systems, etc.
You Can Use Some Online Calculator For Calculating Heat Load They Are Developed By Some Top Corporates Like - Daikin And Gree
And Some Are -
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